OUTPUT VIDEO:-

Water Level Indicator & Alarm for Water tank Overflow

Full Video With Steps

COMPONENTS :

1. Arduino

2.Ultrasonic Sensor

3.Buzzer

4.Water tank (or any bucket)

5.Jumper Wire (Male - Female)

Ultrasonic Sensor :- Sensor Gives Distance bewteen Sensor itself and Any Object or Obstacle in its path.

Ultrasonic sensors sends Sound Waves,which travels and when encounter any obstacle it gets Reflected .

How, We can Calculate Distance Using Ultrasonic Sensor ?

Ultrasonic sensor Determining Distance

How We can Calculate Distance Using Ultrasonic Sensor ?

Velocity = Distance travelled / Time Taken

Therefore, Distance = Velocity * Time

Here, Velocity of Sound in air = 342 m/s

& Time = 2t as Time taken to reach and Time taken to get Reflected

Now,Sensor sends Micro Pulses of Frequency

now, Controller gets time taken by sound to reach and reflected is known .

Velocity of Sound in air is fixed = 342 m/s

So, Distance = Velocity of sound in air * Time taken /2

STEPS :

1. Connect Ultrasonic sensor with Arduino.

2. To calibrate Ultrasonic sensor

First, Mount the sensor above the height of Tank.

Now,Calculate distance between Sensor and Bottom of Tank using Scale Measurement ,& also with ultrasonic ,in order to confirm that ultrasonic sensor is showing Correct Readings.

See, Demo

Calibrating Sensor

Now, Water level = Distance between Sensor & Bottom of Tank - Changing distance of sensor and water.

See, Demo

Calculation Part for Water level

Here, If total distance bewteen Sensor and Bottom of Tank = 20 cm,

than, when Water is filled ,the distance bewteen sensor & Water Decreases i.e = Water level

So, Water level = total distance bewteen Sensor and Bottom of Tank - changing distance

SETUP :-

Step 3:- Connections

Trig pin of sensor to Pin 8 Of Arduino

Echo pin of sensor to Pin 9 Of Arduino

Vcc to 5v

Gnd to Arduino ground

Buzzer Positive red wire to Pin 13

Buzzer ground Black wire to Ground

CODING :-

Link To download :- https://drive.google.com/file/d/1b-FphGvXEaGMTFvrBYEZvx-Yw5EDEL8_/view?usp=sharing

Expalantion :-

Copy Code from below & u can try :-

// Connections defines pins numbers

const int trigPin = 8; // Sensor Trigger pin to Arduino pin 8
const int echoPin = 9; // Sensor ECHO pin to Arduino pin 9
int const buzzPin = 13; // Buzzer Red wire to Arduino pin 13 & black wire to Arduino Ground

// defines variables

int waterlevel; // Variable for storing Water level values ,Water level Rise
long duration;
int distance; // distance between Sensor and object , here object = Water

void setup() {
//depth of tank is 11cm
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // Sets the trigPin as an Output
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); // Sets the echoPin as an Input
pinMode(buzzPin, OUTPUT); // buzz pin is output to control buzzering
Serial.begin(9600); // Starts the serial communication

}

void loop() {

// Clears the trigPin
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
// Sets the trigPin on HIGH state for 10 micro seconds
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
// Reads the echoPin, returns the sound wave travel time in microseconds
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

// Calculating the distance

// Distance = velocity of sound in air * time taken to reach and reflect/2

distance= duration*0.034/2; // Velocity of Sound in Air = 342 m/s

// Prints the distance on the Serial Monitor

//Serial.print("Distance= cm ");

//Serial.println(distance);

waterlevel=20-distance; // Sensor placed at 20cm away from bottom of bucket
Serial.println(waterlevel); // function for water level
Serial.print("\nwaterlevel= "); // Prints
Serial.print(" (cm)"); // Prints unit " cm "
delay(10);

// For determining how Volume Water in litres Filled at Certain Height

// So 20 cm = 5.6 litres and, so for 1 litre = 3.2cm height

// conditional Statement

if (waterlevel ==3.2) // if water reaches to the height 3.2cm than Volume is 1 litre
{
Serial.print("\n Water = 1 litre\n");
delay(1000);
}
else if (waterlevel == 6.4)
{
Serial.print("\n Water = 2 litre\n");
delay(1000);
}
else if (waterlevel == 9.6)
{
Serial.print(" \n Water = 3 litre\n");
delay(1000);
}
else if (waterlevel == 12.8)
{
Serial.print(" \n Water = 4 litre\n");
delay(1000);
}
else if (waterlevel == 16)

{
Serial.print("\n Water = 5 litre\n");
delay(1000);
}

// For Tank OVERFLOW ALARM

// if distance between Sensor and water is 2cm or less , Buzzer should start BUZZING.. and With Message

// " WATER OVERFLOWING "

if (distance <= 2) {
Serial.print("\nWater Overflowing\n "); // Indicates " Water overflowing "
delay(10);
// Buzz
digitalWrite(buzzPin, HIGH); // Switch Buzzer HIGH or ON or starts Buzzing
} else {
// Don't buzz
digitalWrite(buzzPin, LOW); // else Buzzer off

}

}